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Changing Youth Labour Markets, Welfare Institutions and Young People's Control over Working Time

Oslo University College, Faculty of Social Sciences, Research Group for Inclusive Social Welfare Policies. P.B. 4, St. Olavs plass, 0130 Oslo, Norway,Ivan.Harslof{at}sam.hio.no

The objective of this article is to examine the ways in which young people's control over working time is related to phenomena originating in recent trends in European youth labour markets such as the rise in temporary employment and the increasing importance of active labour market policies. The heuristic concept of social chronotopy is introduced to capture the interrelatedness of social time and social space, considering how the value of young people's working time is dependent upon their own contractual status, and the market and welfare institutional context in which they find themselves. In comparative multilevel analyses of survey data, self-reported control over working time is found to be adversely affected by being temporarily employed and finding oneself in a national context of low income replacement for unemployed youth and being confronted with a troublesome youth labour market characterized by the lack of jobs, the lack of permanent jobs, and the lack of spending on active labour market policies.

Key Words: active labour market policies • control over working time • social chronotopy • temporary employment • unemployment compensation for young people • youth unemployment

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